Symptoms of this disease vary with its form. Some of the symptoms include: Disposition to turn or drag one foot after running or walking some distance. Involuntary turning of the neck when a person is stressed or extremely tired. Rapid blinking or closing of eyes due to spasms. Difficulties in speech. Depression and anxiety.DFDAFF
The exact cause of dystonia is not known. While, there are certain types of dystonia that are inherited, or acquired. Dystonia is basically caused due to damage to the basal ganglia, the area of brain that initiates muscle contraction. The damage may be caused due to: Stroke. Deprivation of oxygen. Poisoning due to carbon monoxide or lead. Infections like tuberculosis. Reactions due to certain medications. Brain tumour. Parkinson’s disease. Wilson’s disease. Huntington’s disease.
Dystonia is diagnosed by a neurologist, who will examine the patient’s history, and conduct a complete physical and neurological examination. , our neurologists may carry out various diagnostic tests to find the existence of Dystonia: Blood tests Urine tests CT scan MRI scan X-ray Genetic tests
Treatment of dystonia is based on individual and specific needs. , our neurologists may employ different methods to treat the disease: .. Anticholinergics It is a type of medication used for the treatment of dystonia. It functions by obstructing the release of acetycholine, a neurotransmitter known to cause muscle spasms. It might have side-effects such as dry mouth, confusion, and blurred vision, but do not adversely affect health. Baclofen It is used to treat extreme tension in the muscle, caused by a stroke. It is best for treating people with generalised dystonia. Muscle relaxants Muscle relaxants function by upgrading the levels of a neurotransmitter, known as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) that help relax affected muscles. Effective muscle relaxants used to treat dystonia are diazepam, clonazepam, and lorazepam. Physiotherapy Physiotherapy helps maintain motion, posture improvement, and the prevention of shortening of affected muscles. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) It is a brain surgery wherein the surgeon runs electrodes through each of the two holes in the skull, and places them in a part of the basal ganglia, also known as globus pallidus. This is also effective in treating dystonia.
Primary dystonia is not preventable as it is inherited. However secondary forms can be prevented by: Adopting healthy lifestyle. Regular exercising and muscle stretching.
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